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Data Engineering 2 min read

From Source Data to Power BI: The Azure Retail Pipeline

A walkthrough of an Azure Data Factory and Azure SQL analytics flow covering 300,000 orders, 50,000 customers, 10,000 products, and four reusable analytical views.

Azure Data FactoryAzure SQLPower BIDAXETL / ELT

The Azure Retail Data Pipeline was built to demonstrate the full path from structured source data to business intelligence. The modeled dataset spans customers, products, orders, stores, suppliers, categories, and promotions, so the work is as much about relationships and orchestration as it is about loading rows.

One flow, clear responsibilities

  • Source data provides the operational retail entities
  • Azure Data Factory orchestrates ingestion and movement
  • Python, pandas, SQLAlchemy, and SQL support transformation and validation
  • Azure SQL Database holds the relational analytics model
  • Analytical views create a reusable reporting layer
  • Power BI and DAX turn the model into KPI and trend reporting

The analytical contract

The views vSalesByMonth, vTopProducts, vCustomerCohorts, and vStorePerformance provide a stable boundary between relational storage and reporting. Power BI can focus on revenue, order volume, average order value, margin, store performance, and customer trends without rebuilding the same SQL logic in every visual.

Why scale matters here

At 300,000 orders, 50,000 customers, and 10,000 products, load order, referential integrity, and reusable aggregation are visible design concerns. The scale is large enough to make pipeline and model decisions meaningful while remaining understandable as a portfolio system.

💡 Keeping KPI logic in SQL views lets Power BI reuse one definition instead of recreating calculations in each visual.